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来源：大众彩票平台2024-12-29 17:48

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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宁夏银川：聚力“三新”产业激活发展新动能******

　　中新网银川1月12日电 (记者李佩珊)产业是发展的基石。2022年以来，宁夏银川市聚焦“六新六特六优”产业，立足本地产业发展优势，突出发展新材料、新能源、新食品“三新”产业，配套发展生物医药、电子信息、装备制造等产业，加快构建高端化、绿色化、智能化、融合化的现代产业体系。2022年，银川市“三新”产业预计完成产值650亿元，同比增长43%左右，增长态势强劲。

　　隆冬时节，记者走进位于银川经济技术开发区的天通公司晶体加工车间，生产设备忙碌运转，工人们正在对蓝宝石晶体进行掏棒、切断、磨削、开方……依托“世界最大的单晶硅棒生产基地”这一优势，该公司做全光伏发电产业链条，形成光伏产业聚集效应，把银川打造成世界最大的单晶硅切片及光伏组件基地。

银川机器人产品生产线。　银川市工信局供图

　　“在新材料产业，银川市聚焦光伏硅、蓝宝石、第三代半导体、储能电池材料等领域，正在形成从单晶硅到光伏电池、从蓝宝石到智能终端应用、从半导体材料到关键部件、从正极材料到电池材料的全产业链发展格局。”银川市工信局相关负责人表示，在光伏材料领域，银川市已拥有单晶硅棒110GW、硅片45GW、电池15GW的产能，形成了拉晶、切片、电池产业链、坩埚、串焊机配套能力，建成了全国最具影响力的光伏材料制造基地。在半导体材料领域，银川市拥有8寸至12寸大尺寸晶圆、半导体级石英坩埚、硅部件等特色产品，成为国内外芯片供应链上重要的配套产业。在工业蓝宝石领域，银川市形成5500吨蓝宝石晶体、2160万片蓝宝石晶片生产能力，建成了全国最大的工业蓝宝石生产基地。同时，在电池材料领域，银川市的汉尧石墨烯率先成为全球唯一实现富锂锰基材料产业化的企业。

　　“为发展新能源产业，银川市聚焦风电、光伏发电等领域，重点引进京能、银星能源、威马电机等国内龙头企业，正在形成从光伏产品到光伏发电、从风机塔筒制造到风电设备集成组装、从电池正负极材料到储能动力电池全产业链的发展格局。”银川市工信局相关负责人说。

　　同时，在新食品产业，银川市聚焦葡萄酒、高端奶产业和枸杞精深加工等领域，中粮长城葡萄酒、蒙牛、百瑞源等重点企业实现高端化、产业化、融合化发展，精深加工食品比重逐渐上升，形成新食品产业新业态。

　　2022年，银川市共实施66个“三新”产业项目，开工率达97%，完成年度计划投资的34%，占银川市市级工业完成投资的75%。同时，银川市还鼓励企业增加研发投入，培育建设重点实验室、企业技术中心等创新平台，加快推动以企业为主体，“产学研用”相融合的工业创新体系。